Ridge Regression We are presented with 20 measurements on 3 variables, x1, x2, x3, and the associated yields Y. The data are as follows: X1 X2 X3 Y 1.0000 0.9285 -4.0000 49.9981 2.0000 2.2792 -4.0000 80.1677 3.0000 4.3733 -4.0000 118.2350 4.0000 4.1798 -4.0000 123.2392 5.0000 4.4580 4.0000 95.5528 6.0000 7.6342 4.0000 151.0991 7.0000 7.8252 4.0000 163.4087 8.0000 8.2308 4.0000 178.8525 9.0000 9.6716 -2.0000 244.7722 10.0000 9.4919 -2.0000 254.7109 11.0000 11.8564 -2.0000 297.7836 12.0000 12.2685 -2.0000 314.7686 13.0000 13.6250 2.0000 322.0617 14.0000 12.9527 2.0000 323.4238 15.0000 16.5357 2.0000 386.5987 16.0000 16.4344 2.0000 392.4983 17.0000 15.0829 0 398.4658 18.0000 18.4699 0 457.0982 19.0000 20.2744 0 496.9209 20.0000 20.6385 0 507.7647 The model being examined is Y = B0 + B1X1 + B2X2 + B3X3 + Error. It is suggested that ridge regression might be appropriate here. a) Find the variance inflation factors (VIFs). b) Produce a ridge trace plot. c) Estimate the beta's. Give both the least squares estimates and the values that you settle on. d) Predict the yield at X = (x1, x2, x3) = (10, 10, 0). e) Comment on whether ridge regression was called for in this case.